Over the past 10 years, Texas has seen minimal changes in public school funding, with key legislative actions falling short of keeping pace with rising costs, increased mandates, and inflation.
Here is a breakdown of the past decade:
- 2013-2017
- Minimal Increases: The Legislature made modest adjustments to school funding but no major reforms, leaving many districts struggling financially.
- 2019 – House Bill 3 (HB 3)
- Major Temporary Reform: HB 3 provided increased per-student funding, teacher pay raises, and investments in early education, offering temporary relief.
- Short-Lived Gains: However, these increases were not sustained in the years that followed, and inflation quickly outpaced the funding.
- 2021 Legislative Session
- COVID-19 Response: Federal relief helped schools manage pandemic costs, but no long-term funding increases were made.
- No Major Increases: Despite growing needs, no significant new funding reforms passed.
- 2023 Legislative Session
- There were no major per-student funding increases or teacher raises.
- Current Status:
- Despite the State of Texas having a significant budget surplus, public schools are struggling with budget deficits due to lack of increased funding, which has not seen a rise since 2019.
Key Challenge: Texas public schools are funded based on average daily attendance rather than total enrollment, which restricts resources and hinders effective long-term planning. Additionally, outdated funding formulas for special education and school safety programs further exacerbate these challenges. Despite serving diverse student populations including special needs students and non-English speakers, districts like BISD face significant budget constraints as funding has not kept pace with inflation, growing student needs, or new state mandates.